In this episode of The Human Upgrade, Host Dave Asprey explores the hidden science of dopamine—your brain’s most powerful reward signal—and how pain, pleasure, and addiction shape motivation, focus, and human performance. Joined by Stanford psychiatrist and bestselling author Dr. Anna Lembke (Dopamine Nation), they uncover why modern life creates chronic dopamine deficits, how addiction rewires neuroplasticity, and why overstimulation from social media, food, and digital distractions drives anxiety, depression, and burnout. You’ll learn how to reset your dopamine system with fasting, cold therapy, hormesis, and supplements, plus how functional medicine and smarter not harder biohacks can protect your mitochondria, restore brain optimization, and extend longevity.
Your dopamine system is being hijacked every day, and the way to reclaim it might surprise you. This episode reveals how pain, pleasure, and addiction are wired in your brain, and how to use that knowledge for real brain optimization, resilience, and longevity. You’ll discover why your dopamine levels control motivation, focus, mood, and even cravings—and the science-backed strategies that reset your neuroplasticity, metabolism, and reward system.
Host Dave Asprey sits down with Dr. Anna Lembke, Stanford psychiatrist and bestselling author of Dopamine Nation. She is one of the world’s leading experts on addiction, compulsive behavior, and the neuroscience of reward pathways. With decades of clinical work and groundbreaking research, she explains why dopamine has become the modern lens for understanding desire, distraction, and dysfunction—and how we can hack it to upgrade human performance.
They break down how dopamine drives addiction, why pain can reset your reward system, and how simple practices like fasting, cold therapy, and supplements affect your brain chemistry. You’ll learn how nicotine, GLP-1 drugs, and even nootropics alter dopamine sensitivity, and why overstimulation from social media, pornography, and ultra-processed food is creating an epidemic of anhedonia. The conversation also covers how functional medicine and biohacking can protect your mitochondria, restore your natural dopamine balance, and make your brain more resilient.
You’ll Learn:
This is essential listening for anyone serious about hacking dopamine for better focus, sleep optimization, metabolism, and long-term brain health. Whether you’re curious about the link between dopamine and neuroplasticity, looking to upgrade human performance with smarter not harder tools, or just want to know how to stop dopamine hijacks from ruling your life, this episode gives you the science and strategies you need.
Dave Asprey is a four-time New York Times bestselling author, founder of Bulletproof Coffee, and the father of biohacking. With over 1,000 interviews and 1 million monthly listeners,?The Human Upgrade?is the top podcast for people who want to take control of their biology, extend their longevity, and optimize every system in the body and mind. Each episode features cutting-edge insights in health, performance, neuroscience, supplements, nutrition, hacking, emotional intelligence, and conscious living.
Episodes are released every Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday (audio-only) where Dave asks the questions no one else dares, and brings you real tools to become more resilient, aware, and high performing.
Keywords: dopamine fasting, pleasure-pain balance, dopamine deficit state, addiction neurobiology, anhedonia treatment, dopamine receptors, neuroadaptation gremlins, endogenous opioids, cold plunge dopamine, hormesis neuroscience, nucleus accumbens dopamine, L-Dopa addiction, GLP-1 and dopamine, social media addiction neuroscience, dopamine reward pathway, compulsive behavior psychiatry, dopamine and neuroplasticity, anhedonia supplements, functional medicine addiction, dopamine repair party
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0:00 — Trailer
Highlights from the conversation set the stage for dopamine, addiction, and resilience.
1:10 — Introduction
Dave and Anna discuss Dopamine Nation’s impact and how the conversation around dopamine has evolved.
5:47 — Pleasure–Pain Balance
Exploring how dopamine regulates survival through reward and withdrawal signals.
6:45 — Homeostasis & Adaptation
How the brain restores balance by adjusting dopamine receptors after highs.
8:22 — Addiction & Dopamine Deficit
Why chronic use drives tolerance, withdrawal, and a persistent dopamine shortfall.
10:14 — BICEP: Conscious Pain Exposure
Introducing Brief Intentional Conscious Exposure to Pain as a tool to reset dopamine.
14:26 — Adapting to Pleasure & Pain
How hormesis and controlled discomfort—like cold plunges—retrain the reward system.
20:20 — GLP-1s and Joy
The promise and risks of GLP-1 drugs for addiction, appetite, and life satisfaction.
21:39 — Modern Anhedonia
How frictionless rewards and digital overstimulation reset our joy set point.
34:32 — Resilience in Young People
The importance of uncertainty, discomfort, and exposure for building resilience.
42:00 — Social Media & Mental Health
Addiction, depression, and the urgent case for regulation of digital platforms.
44:46 — Control & Addiction
Why the deepest addiction may be to control itself, and how to release it.
55:14 — Dopamine Fasting
Abstaining from addictive behaviors to reset the brain’s reward pathways.
1:03:18 — Self-Binding Tools
Practical barriers and strategies that create space between craving and action.
1:07:56 — Psychedelics & Addiction
The hype, risks, and therapeutic potential of psychedelics in mental health.
1:12:25 — Parenting in the Digital Age
Why device limits and structural safeguards are key to protecting kids.
1:14:39 — Progress & Outlook
Signs of cultural change, systemic reform, and hope for solving the addiction crisis.
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